NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

Confidence

high

Trend Term

NSAIDs

Summary

NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) — including common human over-the-counter products such as ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve), and aspirin — are highly toxic to dogs and cats, who are significantly more sensitive to these drugs than humans. They work by blocking prostaglandins, which are essential for protecting the stomach lining, maintaining kidney blood flow, and supporting liver and blood-clotting function; toxic doses cause gastrointestinal ulceration and perforation, kidney damage or failure, liver damage, and impaired blood clotting, with brain damage and death possible at very high doses. Clinical signs — which can appear within 1–6 hours or be delayed several days — include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, lethargy, abdominal pain, increased or decreased urination, and in severe cases seizures, coma, or death; cats are especially vulnerable due to differences in liver metabolism, and any exposure in a cat should be treated as an emergency.

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